Kelsey+Lorenzen-+Thinking+and+Planning+Big

1. Rosa Parks: She was an influential African American civil rights activist during the civil rights. 2. Martin Luther King Jr.: He was a major civil rights activist. He eventually began to lead the civil rights movement. 3. Malcolm X.: He was a human rights activist, similar to Martin Luther King Junior. However he had different views on how action should be taken during the civil rights period. 1. Brown v. Board of Education: This court case declares that state laws that separate public schools for black and white students are to be unconstitutional. 2. Loving v. Virginia: This court case invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriages. 3. Civil Rights Act of 1957: This demonstrates the first of many civil rights legislation passed by congress. The civil rights act of 1957 focused on voting rights.
 * __Condensed Write-Ups__**
 * Theme 1**: The Civil Rights Movement or 1960s civil Rights Movement happened almost 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation. African Americans in Southern States still had to deal with inequality and segregation in different forms throughout everyday life. Through this theme students will explore court cases, civil rights acts and human rights activist.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**:

1. Ottoman Empire: This consisted of southeastern Europe to the gates of Vienna. They took control of Constantinople, blocked European access to the area, and severely limiting trade to the Far East. 2. Christopher Columbus: He was a Spanish explorer that was funded by King Ferdinand and queen Isabella of Spain to explore the western world. 3. Sir Walter Raleigh: He was an English explorer who founded the English Colony of Roanoke Virginia, and also explored from North Carolina to Florida. 1. Christopher Columbus, letter to King Ferdinand and Isabella: This letter shows students a primary document that explains the existence of the American continent. Columbus was writing to Ferdinand and Isabella sharing his discoveries that he had come about. Ferdinand and Isabella helped to finance his trip over to the new world. 2. Sir Francis Drake’s Famous Voyage Round the World, 1580: This letter is another primary document that opens students eyes to the exploration Sir Francis Drake took around the world. 3. John smith, “A True Relation of Occurrences and Accidents in Virginia”: This document will allow students to look at a first hand account of what Europeans experienced in the new world.
 * Theme 2**: Age of Exploration and Colonization is the period that is characterized as a time when explorers, specifically Europeans began to venture into new worlds. These explorers were looking for new trading patterns, goods, and new trade routes. Eventually Spanish explorers would come across what we now call the United States of America. Through this theme students will explore the thoughts, ideas and experiences of Christopher Columbus, Sir Walter Raleigh and the Ottoman Empire.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**:

1. Benjamin Franklin: He was part of the five-member committee that helped draft the Declaration of Independence. 2. George Burrington: He went across the Atlantic to convince the British to appoint him the first royal governor of NC. 3. George Washington: He was the commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American revolutionary War. 1. Albany Plan of Union: This document created a council to take over affairs for the colonies. 2. Quartering Act: This law required that colonists feed and shelter British troops during the American Revolution. 3. Stamp Act: This law stated that colonists must pay for stamps printed on taxable paper items.
 * Theme 3**: Revolution in America took place between 1765 and 1783. During this period the American colonies broke away from the British and founded the United States of America. Through this theme students will look at the Albany Plan of Union, Quartering Act, and Stamp Act.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**:

1. James Madison: He was one of the federalists that helped to write “The Federalist Papers.” 2. Alexander Hamilton: He was one of the federalists that helped to write “The Federalist Papers.” 3. John Jay: He was one of the federalists that helped to write “The Federalist Papers.” 1. Constitution: This is a written plan that explains what the government can and cannot do and what rights the citizens have. 2. Articles of Confederation: This is a document that set up the government in a system that divides power between national and state governments. 3. Bill of Rights: This is the first ten constitutional amendments of the United States Constitution. These cover multiple rights for citizen from speech to religion.
 * Theme 4**: Forming a new nation is the time period that come around after the American Revolution. Within this time period Americans were establishing their government, specifically the government parties. Students will explore the two different parties, Federalists and Republicans, and the documents that were created during this time.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**:

1. Dorothea Dix: She is nationally known social reformer in North Carolina around 1848. 2. Nathaniel Macon: He was the President of the Constitutional Convention of 1835. 3. Archibald DeBow Murphey: He was a reformer from North Carolina who fought for public education, internal improvements, and constitutional reform. 1. The North Carolina Reader: Was written by Calvin H. Wiley in 1851. He was the first superintendent of North Carolina Common Schools and gave North Carolina the reputation as being a pioneer in education. 2. The Dred Scott Case: This is a court case where a former slave, Dred Scott and his wife sued for their freedom in the St. Louis Circuit Court. 3. Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858: This is a series of seven debates for the Illinois State Senate was held between Lincoln and Douglas.
 * Theme 5**: Reform in North Carolina came around the 1830’s when reform happened around the United States. In North Carolina reform helped individuals to gain power in the general assembly, adjust the state constitution, and reformers worked to help improve society and the poor. Within this theme students will explore court cases, debates, and article focusing on the change in North Carolina.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**:

1. Stalin: Joseph Stalin was the dictator of the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1953. The Soviet Union changed into an industrial and military power after his rise to power. He was able to create a totalitarian state by removing all opposition. Stalin is a great example of a communist and socialist dictator that the students can explore. 2. Churchill: Shortly after the Second World War Churchill became the prime minister of Great Britain from 1940 to 1945. He led the British against the fights with Nazi Germany in the Second World War. Students will be able to see the determination the British has to resist the Germans and the Soviet Union. 3. Roosevelt: He was president of the United States at the time of the Cold War, 1901-1909. Negotiated with Stalin and Churchill at Yalta Conference but failed to come to peace agreements. 1. Marshall Plan: This is the American initiative to aid Western Europe in economic support to help rebuild Europe after the Second World War. The goals of the plan were to rebuild war-devastated region, remove barriers, modernize industries, and make Europe prosper again. This plan helped save the Western part of Europe from becoming communist. 2. Truman Doctrine: This document held the principle that US should give support to countries or people threatened by the Soviet forces. President Truman proposed this doctrine in a speech to congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey. To other communists countries this doctrine was seen as an open declaration of the Cold War. 3. Warsaw Pact: This document was a treaty between Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Soviet Union. It was a military treaty that bound the ones that signed it to come to the aid of the others is any foreign aggression should attack them.
 * __Expanded Write-Up__**
 * Theme 6**: The Cold War was a period of political hostility between the Soviet Union and the United States. The hostilities came from threats, propaganda, and other aspects of open warfare. This period started after the Second World War and lasted from 1945 until 1990. Students will focus on documents from the United States like the Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine. Students will them look at other important documents like the Warsaw Pact that kept the Cold War from becoming active. Important figures like Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt are important people for the students to know and understand. Seventh grade students would find this theme interesting and relevant with what is going on in today’s news.
 * Essential or Highlighted individuals**:
 * Core Texts**: